The introduction of the unipolar world is
played in 2003 through the Iraqi conflict and the destruction of UNO. But the war in
Iraq hides another guerre : that of the control of the currency. In this financial
war, the United States tries to maintain the dollar like single currency of reference,
while part of the world tries to use the
euro like alternative to hegemony states-unienne. The swing begins at the end of 2000,
when Iraq decides to make out in euros and either in dollars its transactions oil and
commercial. The initiative is followed by the North Korea and Iran. In March 2001, one of
the engines of OPEC, Venezuela, makes an intervention noticed on the use of the euro for
the fixing of the price of oil. In 2002, China and Russia start to convert their financial
assets of the dollar towards the euro.
If the Bush administration has its own reasons to attack Iraq, it is supported by the
financial institutions states-uniennes to defend the hegemony of the dollar. Beyond the
war against Iraq is held a world financial war, in the center of which is the European
Union.
Member States of the OPEP : Venezuela, Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, United Arab
Emirates, Katar, Koweït, Libya, Algeria, Nigeria and Indonesia..
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British separatist temptation
the recent discussions within the Security Council of UNO
revealed a sharp tension between the United States of America and the United Kingdom on
the one hand and Russia, France and Germany - joined to a certain extent by China - on the
other hand. This controversy crystallized an opposition former going up to the middle of
the Nineties. It is important to briefly reconsider economic alliances which saw the day
at this time to
include certain hidden stakes of the war against Iraq.
At that time, British integration with the north-American
economy knew a clear increase with fusion in British Petroleum and American Oil Company
giving rise to the third world oil company, BP-AMOCO.
Moreover, at the beginning of 2000, the American secretary with defense, William Cohen,
and its British homologue, Geoff Hoon, signed a statement of principle on the military
material and the industrial co-operation. The five American giants of the armament
(Lockheed-Martin, Boeing, General Dynamics, Raytheon, Northrop-Grumman) in addition showed
the same period an alliance with the British British Aerospace Systems (BAES) within the
framework from the agreement on the « pont transatlantique ». Following this
alliance, BAES became one of the very first suppliers of material of defense of the
Pentagon.
In response to these bringings together
américano-British, France and Germany encouraged fusions to give birth into 2000 to
European Aeronautic Defense and Space Co (EADS) which integrates in only one
Daimler-Chrysler entity, Aerospace AG, Aerospatiale-Matra and Construcciones Aeronauticas
SA the Western industry of defense and aerospace is since then dominated by two groups
delivering a keen commercial war.
Historical alliance between the United Kingdom and the
United States of America could come out of there only reinforced considerably, so much so
that on both sides about the Atlantic one spoke seriously about the advisability for the
British of leaving the European Union to join Alena (Agreement of free American northern
exchange, single market between the United States, Canada and Mexico).
July 4 2000, at the time of a meeting entitled
« Euroland and Alena » organized by Center for policy studies British, the
republican senator of Texas, Phil Gramm, president of the commission of the Senate on the
banking businesses, housing and the urban businesses, defended his proposition thus:
« Le world saw developing a substantial number of free trade areas. The United
States is une : Alena, which we hope to extend from the Arctic to the Antarctic. But
I am here today to speak about the extension of the free
transatlantic exchange [... I see in him a means of breaking the regional commercial block
[... It is necessary to create a dramatic takeover by force. I believe that this takeover
by force could be an agreement of free exchange between the United States and the United
Kingdom [... In one week, I could write an amendment with the Senate - and to make it
adopt - which would give to the president the capacity, the mandate, to start to negotiate
an agreement of free exchange with the Kingdom-Uni. »
Of many British members of Parliament discussed the
question and, as testifies the debates to them to the Room of the communes, the raised
polemic was sharp.
Occulted fundamental motivation
It is in this context that States-uniens and British
worked out the attack of Iraq. On the origins of this conflict, three major reasons were
advanced that we will briefly evoke before paying our attention on a last fundamental
cause until there under silence. The Wolfowitz doctrines consist in making a show of force
in order to dissuade any country to be in the future opposed to the super power
states-unienne. The Perle doctrines want to benefit from the conflict to reorganize the
Middle East. While the Kissinger doctrines preach the takeover of the energy resources.
Several objectives with the latter. First of all, the
United States, as a first world oil importer (9,8 million barils/jours in 2000 - that is
to say half of their consumption - against 5,5 million to Japan or 2,7 in Germany), must
ensure itself of their own provisioning. By the same occasion, they will have the seizure
on the oil supply to the other importing countries and will be able of this fact of
exerting useful pressures on their governments. Lastly, the war will make it possible the
American oil companies to reach known Iraqi oil to be that whose cost of exploitation is
lowest and whose blockade of the country had deprived them with the profit French
companies, Russian or Chinese. But it is only the emerged part of the iceberg.
Currency of reference
At the end of the Second World war, in order to avoid the problems encountered before the
conflict, the conference of Bretton Woods founded gold convertibility of the currencies.
The central banks were
to have the sufficient gold reserves to ensure the conversion of their currencies. But, in
1971, the Nixon administration decided to come out of the system, replacing de facto the
gold standard by the dollar
which became a fiduciary currency - the fiduciary currency in excellence. Currently, two
thirds of the world reserves of the central banks consist of dollars, more half of trade
are made out in dollars - and the only country authorized to emit dollars is the United
States of America. To a certain extent, since 1971, the world
trade became a play in which the United States produces green tickets while the rest of
the world produces goods which the dollar can bu"y
And l"ast but not least", the dollar is, from London in
Teheran, from Moscow in Mexico City, the currency of reference for the oil transactions.
Lastly, such was the case until October 30 2000, day when the committee of the sanctions
of UNO authorized Iraq to be made out in euros and either in dollars its oil and
commercial
transactions. « Les the United States tried besides to block this operation, but as
an expert of the Commission of the sanctions of the ONU notes it: there is not basic
legal to block the request irakian». The Iraqi decision took effect at November 6, the
country deciding little time to afterwards convert in their turn into
euros the 10 billion dollars resulting from the program « oil against
nourriture » blocked on an account from the BNP-Paribas agency from New York.
Regarded as a decision before any policy of Baghdad against Washington, the operation
economically proved extremely advantageous, the euro having gained 17 % vis-a-vis the
dollar lasting only year 2002. The question which arose then, was to know if other
countries would follow the example - the worst nightmare of the American federal Reserve
being than OPEC decides as a whole to make euro the currency of transaction for its oil
trade. Jordan whose principal trade partner is Iraq immediately adopted the European
currency for its
exchanges with Baghdad. As for the North Korea, it will adopt two years later, December 1
2002, the euro like single currency for its trade.
Domino effect
In July 2002, the bankers estimated that the countries of
the Gulf would lose for only year 2002, 97 billion dollars because of the devaluation of
the American dollar compared to the euro. For its part, the Iranian central Bank set up a
committee to study the question. Of Iranian source, the institution would have been of all
its weight during summer 2002 on the Minister for Oil so that the country passes to the
euro for its oil exchanges. Substitution is justified more especially as a third of the
oil of the country is exported towards Europe. Why, under these conditions, to continue to
use the currency states-unienne ? According to an Iranian member of Parliament,
« Il has a very strong chance there that the Parliament adopts this id ée... Now
that the euro is stronger, it would be logique. » After Iraq and the North Korea,
the Axis of Mal [1 ] was
complete.
At the time of a conference under the aegis of the Spanish minister of the Economy, April
14 2002, during the presidency of the European Union by this country, the director of the
department of research oil market of OPEC, Iranian Javad Yarjani, gave an opinion
diplomatically. « Question which comes to mind is to know if the euro will take a
lead in the world financial markets, thus defying the supremacy of the dollar [... One of
the most convincing arguments for the maintenance of the fixing of the price and of the
payments in dollars was the fact more that the United States is a large importer that that
which they are a large producer. However, by looking at the statistics on oil exports, one
notices that the zone euro is an oil importer even more important and derived products
[... It is good to note that the producers, the large-scale consumers and crude the
importers of the zones not dollars, such as the European Union, share common
interests..... If the fixing of the prices of oil passed in euros, that could make it
possible this currency to acquire the row of currency of world
reference. There are also commercial bonds very extremely between the members of OPEC and
the zone euro - with more than 45 % of the total imports of goods of the countries of OPEC
coming from the countries of
this zone [... It is wise to recall that changes in the control of the oil businesses will
become in the next inevitable years and we owe prepared. »
According to many analysts, the period hinge for this change would be widening in May 2004
of the European Union which will make pass the total population to 450 million people for
a GDP of 9,6 billion dollars against 280 million and 10,5 billion dollars for the United
States of America. This analysis is also worth for the use of the euro by Russia.
21 % of oil and 41 % of gases imported in the European Union come from this country.
There still, the use of the American dollar is not justified. It is the substance of the
message which Romano Prodi, president of the Commission, made pass to Vladimir Poutine at
the time of the top European Russia-Union which was taken place in May 2001.
Making gleam an increase in the exchanges between the two
areas and an increase in the investments coming from the Union, European pressed his
homologue to increase the share of the euro in the commercial payments and the reserves of
the central Bank. « Le significant role that the European Union plays in Europe and
in the world policy pushes us objectively towards a co-operation more proche »,
concluded the Russian president.
China and Russia already started to convert their
financial assets of the dollar towards the euro with for objective, in the long term, the
division with equality between the two currencies. Like Iraq, Iran, the North Korea,
Russia, China and many other countries, Venezuela decided to diversify the reserves of
currencies of its central Bank by selling dollars to buy euros. More alarming still for
the United States, March the 6 and 7 2001, was held beside Moscow the International one
finances congress entitled « Processus of globalisation and hidden threat of the
crisis of the currencies of reserve mondiales ». At the time of the first day, the
ambassador vénézuélien in Moscow, Francisco Mieres-Lopez, made an intervention noticed
on the topic of the feasibility of the swing of the dollar towards the euro for the fixing
of the price of oil. It is wise to recall here that the event proceeds one year before the
fallen through coup d'etat, that the secretary-general of OPEC is
vénézuélien and that the intervention of the ambassador comes to be added to the
agreement which the country with thirteen other States concluded to exchange its oil
counters other goods or services -
démonétarisant partially the oil exchanges of the 4th world producer.
Collapse of the economy US
The US economy is closely related to the role of the dollar like currency of
reserve and world currency of exchange. If the principal exporting gas and oil countries
decided to proceed to whole or part of their sales in euros, the consumer countries would
be brought to sell part of the dollars of their reserves to buy euros.
The world need for green tickets decreasing, the course of the dollar - resting mainly on
its hegemony - would fall, depriving the country of its first good of export. The
by-effect would be phenomenal for the economy of the country which, private of its
monetary and commercial control world, could not assume its propensities
imperialists any more.
author: L.C. Trudeau (transmitted by Reseauvoltaire)
[ 1 ] George W Bush with qualified Iraq, Iran and the
North Korea « d' Axis of Mal » at the time of its annual speech over the state of the
Union, January 29 2002.
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